The irreducible representations will give us the symmetry type of the ligand group orbitals. In the first step, we determine the reducible representation for the ligand group orbitals by a method called the “orbital swapping method”, and in the second step we determine the irreducible representations for the ligand group orbitals from the reducible representation. Next, we need to determine the symmetry types of the ligand group orbitals (LGOs). If not, you must have made a mistake and you have to go back and find the mistake. After you have constructed the MO diagram, always check that the number of MOs is equal to the number of AOs. Now you can construct a molecular orbitals diagram using the MOs that you have constructed using SALC. Also the number of MOs must be the same as the number of LGOs and central atom AOs. The MOs resulting from this combination will have the same symmetry type as the orbitals from which they have been made. If they have the same symmetry type their symmetry is “right”. Finally, we determine the symmetry type of the atomic orbitals of our central atom, and combine ligand group orbitals and central atom orbitals of the same symmetry type.In the next step, we determine the symmetry types of the ligand group orbitals, and we will talk in a moment how this works.The number of LGOs is always the number of the ligand atomic orbitals. These are usually orbitals of the same kind that a symmetry operation can interconvert. Thirdly, we determine the ligand atomic orbitals that can be combined to form so-called ligand group orbitals (LGOs).Secondly, we determine the axes of the coordinate system in a useful way.Firstly, we determine the point group for the molecule.The construction of molecular orbitals using group theory follows a method called “Symmetry-adapted linear combination of atomic orbitals”. Rules for the Symmetry-Adapted Linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals (SALC)
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